{"id":1268,"date":"2023-09-02T17:07:13","date_gmt":"2023-09-02T15:07:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/?page_id=1268"},"modified":"2023-09-15T21:01:41","modified_gmt":"2023-09-15T19:01:41","slug":"fostering-multilingualism","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/?page_id=1268","title":{"rendered":"Fostering Multilingualism"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><span class=\"has-inline-color has-sitebg-color\">.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-1-color\">FOSTERING MULTILINGUALISM<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-1-color\">Multilingual parenting is challenging and there is no bulletproof strategy guaranteeing success for everyone. Here are some aspects that can be considered:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-top\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"flex-basis:66.67%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover has-background-dim\" style=\"background-image:url(http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Fostering-Multilingualism-1.jpg);min-height:320px\"><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\">Realistic Aims<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover has-background-dim\" style=\"background-image:url(http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Fostering-Multilingualism-2.jpg);min-height:326px\"><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\">Monolingual or multilingual approaches<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top\">\n<p>The situation in each family is unique, and so are the family members\u2019 language needs. In some families, a minority language is used with all family members, in others, it is used only occasionally. In some families, several languages are used regularly, in others just one. Keeping the linguistic situation in the family in mind and planning for future language use, each family will have different aims.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>For a long time, parents were recommended to use parallel monolingual approaches like the \u201cOne Person-One Language\u201d approach. It requires discipline to stick to one language, intensive language support for both languages from the community or extended family and languages that are equally relevant to the child. Nowadays, more flexible and natural multilingual approaches are more common, where the minority language(s) are valued and fostered but all other languages are included, too.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"flex-basis:66.67%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover has-background-dim\" style=\"background-image:url(http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Fostering-Multilingualism-3.jpg);min-height:328px\"><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\">Meaningful interaction<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover has-background-dim\" style=\"background-image:url(http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Fostering-Multilingualism-4-OK.jpg);min-height:330px\"><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\">Literacy Activities<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>Language use as social practice always happens in social interaction. High-quality, meaningful interaction is key to language development in all of a child\u2019s languages. Parents should not become language teachers and ask their child to repeat sentences or correct them too often but should create situations where meaningful interaction can happen and parent and child can co-construct their language use.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top\">\n<p>Research shows that literacy activities such as looking at picture books together and reading or telling stories are valuable in language acquisition. Asking questions about the story or the child\u2019s perspective on it fosters the child\u2019s language development and literacy skills.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-background has-accent-1-background-color has-accent-1-color is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p><strong>Reading with mum (in Polish)<\/strong>: <br>The video features Vick reading a book in Polish with his mum. The interaction goes smoothly; the boy responds in Polish, but when he is asked to count characters in the picture, he does it in Dutch.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p><strong>Playing chess with dad (Dutch)<\/strong>: <br>The video features Vick \u201cplaying chess\u201d with his dad \u2013 they interact in Dutch, and the boy\u2019s dad teaches him the names of chess pieces in Dutch and asks him to count the pawns. Simultaneously, the boy addresses his aunt in Polish, switching the codes effortlessly. He even corrects his aunt when she takes the name of the chess piece \u2018Koning\u2019 [Eng. <em>king<\/em>] for similarly pronounced \u2018konik\u2019 in Polish [Eng. <em>little horse<\/em>].<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p><strong>Reading with dad (in Dutch)<\/strong>: <br>Vick interacts with his dad in Dutch \u2013 they are paging a book while his dad asks him questions concerning some pictures in the book. When he is asked to provide the name of an animal, a dog presented in the picture, Vick first provides a Polish equivalent [Pl. <em>pies<\/em>]. Only later, encouraged by his day, the boy responds in Dutch. The boy is a little distracted; he is more interested in having some nuts rather than commenting on the books. He is negotiating whether to have some more nuts with his dad.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/BkuxEJwnJAU?si=sAvKrONFsmy7-CJd\" title=\"YouTube video player\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\" width=\"260\" height=\"146\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XWbrY2fpeH8?si=pOlZKu6ZIeaJIzpE\" title=\"YouTube video player\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\" width=\"260\" height=\"146\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GiNjyI1aaVE?si=rAhIfDbT_8JOQq1c\" title=\"YouTube video player\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\" width=\"260\" height=\"146\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-background has-accent-1-background-color has-accent-1-color is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-1-color\"><strong>MAYA<\/strong><br>Maya is now 13. She was born and has always lived in the UK. Until she was three she spoke Japanese with her mother and Polish with her father. When the girl started attending kindergarten, she acquired English quickly and started using it almost exclusively. Since her parents could not understand each other\u2019s first languages, they decided to use only English at home in order not to exclude anyone. Now, Maya can still communicate with her mother and her family in Japan, but her Polish is almost completely gone. Maya feels OK about it, but her parents sometimes have some regrets.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p><strong>Developing literacy skills (writing a Xmas card to a Japanese cousin)<\/strong>:<br> Maya, assisted by her mum, is writing an Xmas card in Japanese to her cousin Yuri from Japan. The girl exchanges the news and writes about her dog wearing a special Xmas costume. She consults her mum on the card&#8217;s content and language to make sure she has written everything correctly. She seems pretty involved in the activity and communicates with her mum in Japanese.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p><strong>Developing literacy skills (writing a Xmas card to a Polish grandmother):<\/strong><br>Maya, assisted by her dad, is writing a Xmas card in Polish to her grandmother in Poland. Her dad dictates the Xmas wishes in Polish: \u201cWeso\u0142ych \u015awi\u0105t Bo\u017cego Narodzenia\u201d [Eng. Merry Christmas]. They are interacting in English \u2013 the only Polish word they use in Polish is \u2018babcia\u2019 [Eng. grandma]. Having finished writing, her dad asks Maya if she understands what she has written. The girl is unsure and her dad provides explanations in English. They both do not seem very enthusiastic about participating in this activity.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/iGt7TN2NKfw?si=mszXGJn8efmbayRH\" title=\"YouTube video player\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\" width=\"260\" height=\"146\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/iaH6APGEkhg?si=aI5sml2HlMBTU5Cb\" title=\"YouTube video player\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\" width=\"260\" height=\"146\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-background has-accent-1-background-color has-accent-1-color is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-1-color\">Ideas and Examples:<\/span><\/strong><br>Here are some strategies parents can use during <strong>conversations<\/strong> with their children, to make them speak in the minority or dominant language, whichever is desired. To foster language acquisition, parents can provide input and support the child in expressing what they want to say.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Expressed Guess:<\/strong> Parents reformulate their children\u2019s sentences in a yes\/no question or ask in the desired language.<\/li><li><strong>Adult Repetition:<\/strong> Parents repeat or translate their children\u2019s sentences in the desired language.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-background has-accent-1-background-color has-accent-1-color is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em><span class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-1-color\">Integrating <strong>\u201cmultilingual\u201d activities in everyday life <\/strong>motivates children to use their minority and dominant languages. A good way is establishing rituals and using the desired language, e.g. when reading before bedtime or when going through the grocery list and cooking together.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em><span class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-1-color\">Another fun way to do this is by <strong>playing games with your child where minority languages or several languages are used<\/strong>. Parents can create their own games or known games can be adjusted to focus on the use of different languages. Also, it is practical to make use of available multilingual resources, e.g. bilingual\/multilingual picture books, audios or films.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-background has-accent-1-background-color has-accent-1-color is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/?page_id=1260\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"62\" class=\"wp-image-1294\" style=\"width: 200px;\" src=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Multilingual-families.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/?page_id=1262\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"62\" class=\"wp-image-1295\" style=\"width: 200px;\" src=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/What-is-multilingualism.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/?page_id=1264\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"62\" class=\"wp-image-1296\" style=\"width: 200px;\" src=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Growing-up-multilingual.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/?page_id=1266\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"62\" class=\"wp-image-1297\" style=\"width: 200px;\" src=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Multilingual-Parenting-SE.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/?page_id=1268\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"62\" class=\"wp-image-1298\" style=\"width: 200px;\" src=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Fostering-Multilingualism.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/?page_id=1270\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"62\" class=\"wp-image-1299\" style=\"width: 200px;\" src=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Multilingual-Parenting-QA.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/?page_id=1272\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"62\" class=\"wp-image-1300\" style=\"width: 200px;\" src=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Teachers-perspectives.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/?page_id=1274\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"62\" class=\"wp-image-1301\" style=\"width: 200px;\" src=\"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Links-and-Resources.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>. FOSTERING MULTILINGUALISM Multilingual parenting is challenging and there is no bulletproof strategy guaranteeing success for everyone. Here are some aspects that can be considered: Developing literacy skills (writing a Xmas card to a Japanese cousin): Maya, assisted by her mum, is writing an Xmas card in Japanese to her &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":778,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1268"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1268"}],"version-history":[{"count":34,"href":"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1268\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1502,"href":"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1268\/revisions\/1502"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/778"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/mamlise.home.amu.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1268"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}